Kish Free Zone
a) Headquarters
Sanaei St.-Kish Island
Post code: 79417-83775
Phone:00987644422141-2 00987644423641-2
Fax:00987644423596
b) Tehran office
1st floor- no. 143- next to 29th St.-Khaled Eslambooli St.-Tehran
Post code: 15166-13313
P.O.Box : 19395-4588
Phone & Fax: 00982188771060 00982188771062 00982188771063
2) Geographical Location
Kish Island has a surface area of 90 square kilometers, with an outer boundary of 40kms, and a nearly elliptical shape. It is located in the Persian Gulf 19kms from mainland Iran. The Island is positioned along the 1359km long Iranian coastline north of the Persian Gulf, at the first quarter from the hormuz entrance to the Gulf. Its longitudinal and latitudinal positions are 2632 and 53.58 degrees respectively. The Island is 15.45kms long from west coast to the east coast. Its maximum width extending from the southern shorelines to the northern shorelines is 7.5kms. The island's surface is flat, lacking mountains or even high hills.
3) Historic Background
Some references have already been made to the islands origin and natural history. But not much reliable and written material is found concerning its ancient social history. There must have certainly been left somewhere written account or other evidence about this island which might have been destroyed by foreign enemies who invaded the island. It must have been invaded often and rule by alien forces. But Kish Island in the Persian Gulf has remaind, like other island such as Qeshm and Hormuz is an integral part of the safety reasons, not far from the coastlines, Kish was frequently used as a port of call by the ancient mariners who got drinking water and other necessities from the islanders. Kish island's strategic position served as a way station and link for the ancient Assyrian and Elamite civilization when their primitive sailboats navigated from Susa through Karoun river into the Persian Gulf and along the southern coastline passing kish, Qeshm and Hormoz islands.Kish was, in particular, economically and politically linked with the civilization of the Medes and Persian and Arian people when they were in the height of their power. And when this civilization vanished, the Kish Island's advantageous position was lost and for a period was subjected to turmoil and tyrannical of the local potentates and other venders. With the establishment of the Achaemenian emirs that reached the far concerns of the civilized world and contributed much to human advancemece he Persian Gulf was profoundly affected. In the shadow of the empire, the islands in the Gulf became prosperous and navigations in the gulf was expanded and better vessels were used to carry passengers and goods. Navigational signs, including lighthouses, were set up to facilities navigation in the gulf. Because of its proximity to the mainland Persia, Kish Island resumed its advantageous position and enjoyed many benefits until the end of the Ashkanid (the Parthians) and Sassanid empires.
4) Historic Monument and Ancient Centers
i. The Ancient Town of Harireh
ii. Greek Ship
iii. Grand Recreational Pier
iv. Kish Mosques
v. Green Tree Complex
vi. Dolphin Park Complex
vii. Bird Garden
viii. Kariz underground city
ix. Payab
x. Aquarium
xi. Artists' Path
xii. Kish Sea Turtles
xiii. Kish Buggy Track
5) Tourism Attraction
The coral beaches of Kish sparkle in the sunlight. This is something, which the sandy beaches of many resort areas around the world do not offer. The seawater near the beach is crystal clear and one can see the bottom of the sea up to a far distance. This is, of course, due to the corals around the island, which purify the water. Relative to its area, Kish has one of the longest beach stretches. Unlike the crowded beaches elsewhere, the beach here is a relaxing and peaceful place. The fish and other marine life in the coastal waters of Kish are very unique. Visitors lose track of time when watching these species which are easily visible. At the same time, the best quality edible fish is caught here. The coastal waters of Kish are among the safest in the world. There are no sharks and swimming is totally safe. Tourists can use this beach and enjoy the sun and water all year round.
6) Training and Educational Centers
As the best educational complex on the island, Kish International University has expanded its activities by building a university campus. Its activities include:
- Expanding its postgraduate courses
- Expanding cooperation with internal and external creditable universities in order to train manpower
- Expanding scientific relations with world scientific centres
- Using the scientific-research capabilities of the university to resolve regional requirements for expertise
- Sharif University branch in Kish beginning its activities by accepting students in the fields of IT and Mechatronics, and Civil engineering
- Signing a contract with the Malaysian Multimedia University to enroll students for the MBA course
- Kish-Monash University joint undergraduate programme – enrolment through special entrance exams
Due to the need for the development of educational activities related to applied sciences, apart from Kish University, Kish Centre for Applied Sciences began work in 2002 with KFZO orchestration. This educational complex has an active presence and is accepting enrolments in the fields needed in the region, ie travel agents, tourism, hotel management, computer, and foreign languages.
Other creditable international universities in Kish include:
-University of Tehran Kish Int. Campus
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences Kish Int. Campus
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Kish Int. Campus
7) Infrastructures
ICT
Telephones are used 100% in Kish, and at the rate of 19% as compared to rest of the country, this is a high percentage. There are also over 5000 mobile numbers issued. KFZO has been active in this field by transferring mobiles to the private sector and preparing this zone to become an internet city.
Economic and commercial development
Considering the free zone potentials in cooperating with other countries in the region and investment opportunities, KFZO has had the following economic development plans:
Establishing a regional goods and services exchange center
The presence of large international oil and gas companies to support South Pars and Asalouyeh activities, and the transfer of the offices of the Oil Ministry from abroad have created the background for establishing an oil exchange market in Kish. Furthermore, the decorative and gem stones stock exchange and software and hardware are also being processed by the organization.
Industrial development
Over 100 production companies are currently active in Kish, and 120 units are being constructed. By the end of 2002, industrial investment was estimated at 1552 billion and 534 million Rials. This sector had a 500% growth in the past year.
Establishing and expanding banking and monetary institutes
The activities of the country's first private insurance companies in KFZ, foreign exchange facilities and transfers by all the banks in Kish, receiving proposals from foreign and Iranian banks, and receiving the final approval for Iran-Europe Bank branches to work in KFZ are some of the successes of the organisation in developing the monetary units and banks.
Developing tourism
As a tourist center in the country, Kish has over one million Iranian and over 100 thousand foreign visitors annually. Developing tourism and observing world standards in giving high quality services have made Kish a replacement itinerary for Iranians traveling abroad, thus saving over 500 million dollars in foreign currency. Also, the long term programmes of the regional officials have opened horizons for an increasing number of foreign tourists, including the Persian Gulf states and Europe.
Providing tourism facilities
Encouraging the private sector to develop hotels, motels, villas, and recreation centers have led to the exploitation of 58 residential units and nearly 80 guest centers in Kish. Also, interest in large investments in this sector have led to the construction of one of the largest hotels in the region and the dolphinarium by an Iranian resident abroad, and also designs for the construction of several hotels, golf courses, and leisure centers by French and German investors known as the Flower of the East Project.
Expanding tourist attractions – Kariz and Harireh
Expanding sports fields for internal and international competitions, attracting investment for the expansion of marine sports, and the construction of unique complexes such and the Kish Kariz, along with the attractive ancient city of Harireh, and the Kish sunset can increase motives for traveling to this beautiful island.
New patterns for tourism focused on increasing convenience for families
To have peace of mind and better tourist facilities for hoteliers and their employees, tours, public transport drivers, the police, and all those involved in the tourist industry, special training courses are run by experienced trainers at international standard levels and certificates are awarded. Therefore, all these centres will be able to be economically active in Kish by holding this certificate.
8) Investment Attraction and Opportunities
1. 20 years of tax exemption for any kind of economic activity.
2. No entry visa requirement.
3. 100% foreign ownership
4. Legal guarantees and protection for foreign investment.
5. No limitations on transfer of foreign currency to other Iranian Free Zones or to other countries.
6. Flexible monetary and banking services.
7- Wide range of banking & insurance services provided by state/ private sectors.
8. Easy foreign exchange transactions.
9. Active international stock exchange and oil & petrochemical bourse.
10. Exemption from customs duty on imported raw materials and machineries for the manufacturing units.
11. Convenient and easy registration of companies, industrial establishments, cultural institutes and intellectual property rights.
12. Simple procedure for re- export and transit of goods.
13. Simple regulation for the importation of permissible goods.
14. Possibility of exporting goods produced in Kish Island into the mainland based on the value added scheme.
15. Sale/rent of land to Iranians and long term rent of land to foreign nationals.
16. Simple labor regulations and access to ample skilled workforce.
17. Reasonable rates for energy.
18. Presence of a community of leading universities and scientific centers.
19. Strategic location and proximity to Assaluyeh oil-rich regions.
20. Port with berthing capacity for 10000 dwt vessels.
21. Preferential land rates for the construction of Hi- tech industrial units.
22. Preferential land rates for the construction of hotels and recreational facilities. International brand hotels will enjoy additional privileges.
9) Trade and Transit
Kish Island is located on the most important international sea trade routes in the Persian Gulf and at the centre of the largest market in the region. Therefore, investing in Kish for the transfer of goods and services to other parts of the Persian Gulf is well justified. Moreover, suitable hardware and software facilities and the expansion of trade and financial facilities in the region have created good opportunities for the development of commercial activities in the region. Modern shopping and services centres, the harbour, the strategic position of Kish (easy access to production and consumer markets), providing legal and potential facilities to create and expand monetary and financial institutions, and the good and services exchange markets have all in all created a remarkable capacity for trade in the region. Also, one of the policies for the development of the region is the expansion of trading and commercial services. According to adopted guidelines, numerous exhibitions are staged in Kish annually.
Trading stages
1. Obtaining a commercial activity permit
2. Obtaining a commercial card
Qeshm Free Zone
a) Headquarters
Pardis crossroad-Emamgholikhan Blvd,-Qeshm Island
Phone:00987635241710 00987635241700 00987635242273
Fax: 00987635242268 00987635241712
b) Tehran Office
No. 143- next to 29th St.-Khaled Eslambooli St.-Tehran
Phone:00982188770235
Fax: 00982188771068
Phone & fax: 00982188771060 00982188771062 00982188771063
2) Geographical Location
The largest Island in the Persian Gulf, Qeshm is situated at the mouth of the strait of Hormoz, 22 kms from Bandar Abbas and 220 kms from the UAE. The total area of this Free Zones is 300 sq. kms.
Major Characteristics
The rich natural gas reserve of the Island, refined in Gavarzin Refinery, provides all the gas used in the area. Above that, other oil and gas reserves have been explored around the Island. The Island's deep coast enables the construction of quays for high tonnage vessels.
3) Accessibility
Not only Iran and the Central Asian Republics markets are in the sphere of influence of Qeshm Free Zones, but also the countries at the southern coast of the Persian Gulf, particularly the UAE.
Communications Network
The Free Zones has a high quality road transportation network. An international airport will welcome passengers and cargo aircraft to the Island. Numerous ferries, barges and speed boats enable passengers to travel to and from nearby Bandar Abbas.
A plan for the Persian Gulf bridge connecting Qeshm to the north coast of the Persian Gulf has been prepared.
Public Utilities and Services
The Free Zones is connected to the nationwide electricity network. Moreover, power stations have been installed in the Zone. The water is provided by desalination facility and a few wells. Internationally connected telecommunication is also available in the Island.
4) Tourism Attraction, Natural Attraction
- Customs and Traditions
- Marriage
- Hanabandan
- Nowruz e sayyad
- Xarbas Caves
- Historical Laft Port
- Mangrove Forest Harra Protected Area
- Qeshm Mountains
- Shah Shahid Shrine
- Loor tree
- Tala wells
- Coral Islands
- Nesting of Hawksbill Turtles
- Pools
- Salt Cave
- Namakdan Cave
5) Infrastructures
- Jetties
- Airport
- Roads
- Telecommunications
- Electricity
6) Energy
Iran's proven gas reserves is one fifth of the world's total gas reserves and the Qeshm Island lies at the center of gas rich fields of the country. There are two vast gas fields near the Qeshm Island. One is `Gurzin' field which yields two million cubic meters of sweet gas annually for the power plant of Bandar Abbas and the other is the untapped field of `Salakh' whose reserves are believed to be more than the former field. The proximity of the Qeshm Island to huge oil fields makes it possible to establish oil refineries one of whose products cab be coal oil which is widely used in metallurgy. Such refineries can consume sulphur free crude oil that can be obtained from the oil fields adjacent to the Island. Therefore, the Qeshm Island has access to natural resources required for establishment of industries for production of export-oriented commodities such as oil and petrochemical products, construction materials and fisheries.
7) Trade and Transit
Qeshm Island by placing in the way of passing ships has special status in terms of bunkering project. Totally, we can list some of its benefits as follows:
(1) Low distance from international passing way of ships so ships deviation from route for fueling is so short around 3 Km,
(2) Having sufficient region for fueling operations with 30-50 meters depth which is the most safe and reliable depth for anchorage,
(3) Closing to BANDAR-ABBAS refinery as main supplier of its crude oil and high quality of this refinery products and SHAHID RAJAEI port availability,
(4) Using of Labor Law benefits because of Qeshm free zone laws.
(5) Existence of sufficient land for storage construction and ability to south island jetty exploiting for loading terminal construction of fueling fleets.
(6) Existence of native and cheap workman for all trading and servicing operations.
(7) Exploiting from Island infra-structure facilities like International Airport in order to offering services related to fleets crew exchanging; KAVEH port for equipments transferring, road network, Power distribution, and telecommunication associated with data services.
Chabahar Free Zone
a) Headquarters
Administrational bldg.-commercial & Industrial Free Zone Organization-Chabahar Free Zone
Phone:00985454442200-8
Fax:00985454442229
b) Tehran Office
2st floor- No. 143- next to 29th St.-Khaled Eslambooli St.-Tehran
Post code:9921758711
Phone:00982188879373-4
Fax:00982188771061
2) Geographical Location
As large as 14,000 ha, Chabahar Free Zone is located and established at east Chabahar gulf, in the vicinity of Chabahar Port City and Oman sea and 70th km of Pakistan border. Some part of its land area has been allocated for industrial activities while the rest part has been earmarked for trade, commercial services, residential, tourism and green area activities.
As complementary cycle of eastern transit route of country, thanks to its specific status, Chabahar Free Zone is considered as development of eastern route in national dimension and as a communication bridge of central Asian states and southeastern Asian countries in ultra-national dimension for entrance to the global markets coupled with moving in tandem with globalization. It should be noted that Chabahar Free Trade Zone enjoys specific Strategic and prominent situation. It is regarded as an important gate of country for entering international waters and also origin of noncompetitive transit routes with vast lands and also with investment opportunities in various fields.
On the other hand, its specific climatic condition, brilliant sun in all season of year, azure waters and coastal areas and also natural beauties in this region is enough scenery that has turned Chabahar into a model and exemplary tourism hub of the region. Location of monsoon winds of Indian subcontinent (known as monsoon) Chabahar Free Zone has been turned into the coldest southern region of the country in summer season and the hottest point in winter seasons thanks to ever breezing of Oman Sea and Indian Ocean.
On one hand, it is regarded as gate of country for entrance to the international waters and origin of noncompetitive transit routes with vast land areas and with investment opportunities in different areas. On the other hand, its specific climate condition, bright sun in all seasons of year, azure water and natural attraction in this region has turned Chabahar Free Zone as a model and exemplary tourism hub of country.
It should be noted that Chabahar Free Zone enjoys fair and pleasant climate condition in some season of year.
3) Tourism Attraction
There are natural and wonderful phenomena in this region which makes every observers do nothing but praise these natural masterpiece. We hereby point out to few of these admirable and natural works as well as few important and historical monuments
Hara Jungles: These jungles are located alongside the Gwatre Gulf which have made suitable residence for valuable species of seabirds such as flamingo, eagle, heron etc.
Cliff Shores: Waves hitting the rocks and wearing out the sedimentary layers of the shores of Oman Sea , especially the southern parts of Chabahar , have proven an attractive and unique landscape which is regarded one of the most astonishing shores of the south of Iran . These natural phenomena resemble a nature hand- made aquarium which has had the various specious of fish to live in
Chabahar Gulf: Chabahar Gulf is one of the places where beautiful rays of the sun on the sea displays the special patterns of the creation. This Gulf reposes extremly calm in the lap of the oceanic waves different to what someone has so far seen
Lipar Lagoon: This lagoon is closeto Ramin village and 15 kilometers far from the east of Chabahar in direction of coastal road of Chabahar to Gwatre. Presence of the birds such as stroke , peacock , partridge and white heron and grey one has made the beauties of this lagoon double
Bahookalat River: This river is one of the rivers in Sistan and Baloochestan province , full of water and the main factor of wild life in this region. The river is located by 90 Kilometers far from the south of Chabahar and enters the Gwater gulf in Oman sea. There is a kind of short-muzzle crocodile living in this river which is called " Gando " in local language
Martin Mounts: These mounts are also known as Miniature Mountains . They have been stretched out parallel to the sea, starting from Kachoo up to the proximity of Gwater Gulf. These Martian Mount are extremly beautiful and considered as the symbols of the unique geo-morphological phenomena of this region of the country
Gelfeshan Hill: This wonderful and natural hill exist in the west of the Chabahar city. By erupting and mud up and raising the gas from the deep of the earth , this astonishing phenomenon attracts every visitors attention to itself. There is no herbaceous plant growing up around this phenomenon.
Tis Fortress Portuguese Fortress: This fortress is located on a hill along the Chabahar - Tis road and far from Chabahar city by 6 kilometers . The fortress is constructed in 34*59 meters. The materials used in this fortress are bricks , stones , a kind of plaster cast and lime . The gate is located in the east , and the fortress comprehends a big vestibule with numerous rooms , a private veranda , a cistern , ramparts , well , etc. This sign of two ramparts , founded on the cube shape like a room with veranda can be seen from the dais. these ramparts may have been used as watch-towers and lighthouse. The history of this fortress dates back to Islamic era
Historical Port Village of Tis: This village is nine kilometer far from the North of Chabahar City and it is situated in the opening mouth of Chabahar Gulf. This ancient village was mentioned in the works of historians of the first Islamic centuries. Moghadassi , the historian of the fourth century of Hijra ( Islamic Calendar ) has written that Tis or Tiz is a small port , but very habitable and highly flourishing. This village is located in the direction of south shores of Iran . Tis used to be considered as the commercial center for sugar and wheat of both Makran and Sistan province in those days too
Al-e- Rasool Hosaiyniya: This building is located in the traditional quarter of Chabahr city near the sea. This old and religious place includes a small court yard , hosaiyniya hall and a back yard. Beautiful and architectural decorations have been made inside and outside the building. This old building was constructed at the era of Qajaria dynasty
Tomb of Sayed Gholam Rasoul: Dating back to 800 years , this religious , cultural and historical tomb with a high dome is situated in the margin of northern side of Chabahr city. Outward appearance of dome on the roof has four short minarets. These minarets are decorated with simple plaster molding. The altar and rooms of the tomb have wonderful decoration dressed with Iranian pastor . Painting of flowers embossed on the walls of the altar draw the attention of everybody to their beauties. Painting and decorations inside the tomb are pertaining to the architecture of Safavi dynasty
Old Telegraph Building ( Telegraphic Office ): This building is one of the oldest available stone buildings in Chabahar. The stone inscription on the forehead of building shows the date of 1845 A.D , which was constructed by the English for promotion of business , marine affairs and connection between India , Gwater, Jask and Bandar Abbass
Caves and Banmasity Temple: This complex includes two natural and an artificial caves which are located in Tis village on the slope of Shabaz Mountain . Ban is a pious man's name and Masity is that of temple. These caves used to be for the worship and religious or official ceremonies .
Gwater Castle: This castle is located in the farthest east of the North of Iran , in the direction of coastal road of Gwater-Chabahar on the top of the Hill. There are an ancient graveyard and a well in this area. The discovered earthen wares and postsherds in this place belong to the third millennium of B.C
Trade Centers: There are numerous and flourishing business markets in Chabahar Free Zone receiving warmly the distinguished tourists and investors . Pardis , Salehyar, Sadaf , Ferdowsi and Tis are of these markets.
4) Training and Educational Centers
Establishment of the free zone and construction of essential and needed infrastructure for cultural and scientific development have provided the bases for foundation of the international university. This very important objective is very clear evidence for an undeniable effect of CFZ on the promote development of economy , culture and society in Chabahar city.
By taking advantages of essential and applicable standards of creditable foreign and demotic universities on one side and by taking into account the modern concepts and methods , on the other side , and by offering the higher education and finally by creating foundation for training the well-qualified and specialized man power is region through researches, technological studies , the international University of Chabahar has commenced its activities . In this universities there are Bachelor's degree of computer and information system , management , management of information system , management and economy , banking and finance , management and commerce.
5) Infrastructures
Infrastructural Installation in Chabahar Trade and Industrial Zone
Shahid Beheshti jetty : This jetty , with 18000 square meters sheltered warehouse, comprehends the capacity of receiving the vessels of 100000 gross tonnages
Shahid Kalantari jetty : with 42000 square meters sheltered warehouse is able to have the vessels berth
International Airport
Konarak airport is the only airport which connects CFZ to the other airports. This airport is located in 20 Kilometers far from CFZ. At present , the regular flights from Tehran and other big cities and United Arab Emirates have facilitated a very permanent and suitable air bridge for passengers. As a matter of fact , the operation of an international air port construction has already been started at the area NO : 8 of CFZ
Land Roads
By a well developed road network , Chabahar Trade and Industrial Free Zone has the access to the other neighboring countries as well as the Middle Asian states. The existence of transport terminal , with a capacity of receiving approximately 1000 trucks and lorries daily makes the transportation of different types of produced , imported or transited goods possible through the land roads
Information , Communication and Technology ( ICT )
Plans and objectives beyond Information, communication and technology of Chabahar Free Zone
To create conditions and adequate facilities for the development of private sector in the domain of ICT and to promote the technical knowledge and needed man powers for the companies so as to offer different types of electronic services in industries, tourism , petrol, gas and petrochemical in both CFZ and mainland , the most significant mission in this regard, is the technical office of ICT of CFZO
6) Investment Attraction and Opportunities
Privileges and Legal Facilities for Investors
Possibility of investment for foreign and domestic inventors to any extent
Guarantee of Foreign investment at the zone according to the inserted mechanism in the law of Free Zone
Repatriation of capital and profit gained from the economic activities
Exemption of 30 years Tax
Free to import machinery, spare parts, transport means, raw material, material for construction
Possibility in using the foreign well qualified man powers at the zone to the extent of 10 % of the unit staffs
Possibility in transit and re-export of goods without any limitation
Possibility of arrival of foreigners at the free zone without getting visa
Possibility in retail trade for foreign and domestic businessman
Lack of limitation in giving the land for large industrial projects
Exemption from the payment of custom duties for those goods produced at the zone and exported to the mainland in proportion of the added values and the exploited domestic materials
Release of the certificate of origin for those goods exported from the zone
Aras Free Zone
a) Headquarters
Shahid Timsar Fallahi St-Jolfa-Azarbaijan Sharghi
P.O. Box: 54414-1463
Phone:00984923025701 00984923024949
b) Tehran Office
No. 143-next to 29th St.-Khaled Eslambooli St.-Tehran
Phone:00982188889458
Fax:00982188889438
2) Geographical Location
* The location of the county of Jolfa:
Jolfa district is located in the north-west of Eastern-Azerbaijan province, between 45º and 17´ till 46º and 31´ in eastern longitude and between 38º and 39´ till 39º and 2´ in northern latitude. It shapes a narrow strip on the northern border of the province and the Republic of Nakhjovan and Aremenia. The area is 1670.31 square kilometers.
* The location of the City of Jolfa:
Jolfa city is situated on the south bank of Aras river on the north-west of the county. From the north side, the city is attached to The Independent Republic of Nakhjovan, by Aras river and from the south to the farm lands of "Shoja" and "Haghverdi Abad" villages and the surrounding mountains, from the east to "Ouch Dagh" and "Pilo Dagh" mountains. This city is located on 45º and 38´ in longitude and 38º and 56´ in latitude. The distance between Jolfa and Tehran is about 750 km.
3) Historic Background
Jolfa has always been a strategic region. The importance of the region dates back to before Christ and it has been famous for its culture and civil life.
In the period of Soloman 'Ashabol Aras' have appeared from this district and thus have caused the creation of 12 cities on the banks of the river. These 12 cities were named after the 12 months of the solar calendar: Aban, Azar, Dey, Bahman, Esfand, Farvardin, Ordibehesht, Khordad, Tir, Mordad, Shahrivar and Mehr. The capital was the Esfandar city. The citizens of these cities worshipped spruce trees. They didn't use the creek under the spruce tree because they believed it to be sacred and were afraid that by using the water, the creek would go dry. They got the water they needed for their own use from the river Aras.
The people of these cities had some special holidays for themselves that required them to gather in one of the 12 cities every month. They tied a silk tent on a spruce tree and then sacrificed some animals for their God and then burnt the corpse of the animal sacrificed. They used the smoke of the burning body of the animal as a way of communicating with their God and would cry and weep at the side of the tree and ask for forgiveness and bless.
They went on with their lives after this ceremony until the next month when they would yet gather in another city to perform the rituals. But when they went to the capital city of Esfandar, which had 12 gates each gate special for one city, they would first pray by the side of the spruce tree and then celebrate the occasion.
The ruins of the city of Bahman around 'Ghobchagh' and the villiage of 'Nooshirvan' are situated in the central part of the Jolfa County. This city is also called Bahram sometimes.
It is believed that god destroyed all of these cities because the people didn't have religious beliefs except for the city of Ordibehesht ( now Ordubad in the republic of Nakhjavan). Ordibehesht was considered to be the religious of the 12 cities.
The historical book of Keyhan mentions Jolfa as part of Armania and summarizes the history of the district from the reign of 'Hakhamaneshis' as follows:
The Armanian Satrapi ш is situated between the rives of Dejleh, Koora and Aras and it's ancient capital is Artaxa. This city is situated near the Aras river. It has very prolific low lands especially the Aras valley. It is also famous for it's grazing lands and is a great place for raising good horses. The Satraps of Armania had to present the Iranian Royalty with some good horses every year.
After the 'Hakhamaneshi' reign, the Solouki's ruled Iran in which time these districts became independent but again in the period of the Ashkani's reign Armania obeyed Iran and paid taxes. However, by the end of the Ashkani dynasty, Armania was tempted by the Romans and sometimes obeyed them. In the time of the Sasani dynasty north-western Iran expanded until the mountains of Ghafghaz, but then when Iran was ruled by weaker kings of Sasani, Armania turned to the Romans for conduct. After the expansion of the Islamic lands, these areas became parts of the Islamic country as well.
After many struggles and the crusades between the Muslims and the Christians, European Christian Emperors took action and defeated the Islamic forces. They built the Bizans Cathedral to expand their power in the area and started constructing many religious centers and sent many missionaries to Armania and Gorjestan. Some of the churches built are the church of Iravan, Teflis and Ouch kelisa near the Aras river.
The religious minorities in north-western Iran, especially the residence of Urumieh city, are ancient Aramanian residence that lived in Jolfa in the past and in the period of Shah Abbas (1625 - 1629 A.D.) some of the industrious Christians of this district were migrated to the city of Esfahan and settled their in a small city which they named Jolfa.
Historians date the history of Jolfa back to the 5 century B.C. and claim that at that time the name of the city was Jola ( meaning weaver) and after the Armanians' settlement in the area the name changed to Jogha. But after the Armaninas were moved to Esfahan by Shah Abbas, the Latin name of 'Jolfa' was chosen for this region.
4) Tourism Attraction
St. Stephanus Monastery
Dareh Sham region and the churches
Jolfa city
Khajenazar Caravansary
Ziyaolmolk Bridge
Ghohar castle
Asyab Waterfall
Shoayb holy shrine
Seyyed Mohammad Holy Shrine
Kordasht Complex
Oshtabin Village
Wild Life
Handicrafts
Jolfa bridges
Castles
Arasbarran Protected (no hunting) Zone
5) Investment Attraction and Opportunities
Aras free-zone has a significant role in the 20-year overview due to the following facts: joint border with the countries of azarbaijan, Armania and Nakhjavan independent republic;Connecting lines and roads with Europe and Ghafghaz region, Turkey, Mediterranean region, and being located in international transportation corridors;A significant historical and economical history; appropriate climate; rich water resources; grazing fields and jungles; capabilities for developing tourism in the fields of history, culture, nature and international sports; a high potential for development and growth in industry, mining, agriculture, services, science and education.
Having Tabriz as a strong background and also valuable ecological areas and international caches, and valuable funds for agricultural development, has brought together a situation and condition that with its support Aras can become a region that has a desirable and idealistic health, welfare, food safety and natural environment, along with the fact that it can become an international medical and sanitary center.
Existence of rich mines and creating dependant industries, and being near infrastructure networks, and having the basis for developing new technologies such as biotechnology, nanotechnology and IT, gives the region an ideal condition to boost its potential and contribute to the economical growth and thus rise to first place in the region for economical, scientific and innovative contributions and developments.
Also the historical centrality for business and trade in the region and high abilities in exporting can be good reasons for international relations if development bases and trading activities are provided along with customs and centers for discharging and mounting goods and cargo.
* Investment opportunities in Agriculture sector
1. Floriculture in greenhouse complex
2. Agriculture transformative industries and production of fruit nectar concentrate
3. Fish ponds project in Aras River rim
4. Planting and establishing mechanized garden
5. Herbal plants cultivation
6. Sericulture and silk production project
7. export terminal of agriculture productions
8. Flesh solidification
9. construction of slaughterhouse and Production of essence
10. Fruit market of Ghordiyan
11. Industries of dried fruit production
12. Mushroom production
13. Production of flour and bread
14. Production of paper paste from agricultural wastage
15. Production of sapling
16. Apiary
17. Production of animal concentrate
18. Production of aseptic tomato sauce
19. Production of fertilizers from planet waste
20. Production of biological fertilizers, compost and vermicompost.
21. Production of hive
Anzali Free Zone
a) Headquarters
5th km of Zibakenar, Rasht-Anzali Road, Gilan
Phone:00981813200042
Fax:00981813200040
b) Tehran Office
No. 143-next to 29th St.-Khaled Eslambooli St.-Tehran
Phone:00982188889392
2) Geographical Location
Anzali Free Trade-Industrial Zone is a wide area of Bandar Anazli about 3200 hectares and about 8 kilometers of sea border and up to 2 kilometers into the sea, which included industrial ,trade and commercial ,tourism and services sections.
Anzali Free Zone borders line is clear on the Gilan province map. This area is about 23 kilometers on the Eest of Bandar Anzali.
The Caspian sea is on the north of Free Zone.
The Fatato village and Ghazian of Anzali are on the South.
Anzali lagoon is on the East.
Anzali-xomam highway is on West and North West.
Anzali Free Zone is constituted in 2 separate sections in the west and east of Bandar Anzali, each part has its own specific potentials.
* Potentials of east part are:
existence of docks, shipping and ports organization and facilities, customs office, industrial city, natural territory and properties, adjacent to Anzali international lagoon.
* Potentials of west part are:
existence of beautiful natural lands and properties for cultivation of summer crops, less populated area, easy access to beaches and recreation facilities, as well as some rice fields.
3) Historic Background
This seaport is located in the southern seaboard of the Caspian Sea with 275 kilometer and 130,000 population, 40 kilometers from Rasht, capital of Gilan . The record of shipping in this city came back to 350 years ago; the fishery has been active for 160 years.
A century ago more than 20 thousands passengers traveled from Anzali to Russia and other countries, every year during this time 482 trade ships from Russia came into dock in Bandar Anzali. Bandar Anzali was the first city of Iran which has had electricity since1900, and also was pioneer in railroad from 1890, and telephone network eight years later.
This seaport is one of the most active harbors among the 5 countries on the border of Caspian Sea and the biggest northern seaboard of Iran. This seaport is located on transit route to the north-south of Iran; countries of south-eastern Asia, Persian Gulf seaboard, Republics to the center of Asia, Caucasus and Russia and Europe.
4) Historic Monument and Ancient Centers
GILAN Province, A province in northern Iran, about 14711squares km, with 16 cities and population of 2.400.000 milions, this province is separated from the country through Alborz mountain, located in the south of Caspian sea. Gilan is neighbor to Mazandaran, East Azarbaijan And Zanjan provinces.Rasht is the capital of this province. Gilan as a coastal province has two kinds of climate, Mild & Mediterranean. It has mountains that are covered by dense forests about 560.000 hectares.
Gilan province is first producer of Tea, Cocoon and Olive in Iran, also producer of different kinds of fish and superfine Caviar in the world, Rice, Kiwi, Olive, Composites, Peanut, Hazelnut, Walnut, Tobacco, Flowers and Plants, Honey, Herbs like Borage, Animal Husbandry, Handcrafts, Crude oil and Gas resources.
some of tourism attractions of Gilan province are:
Beautiful beaches of Caspian Sea
Masouleh historic town
Bandar Anzali International lagoon
Anzali navy museum
Anzali Shanbeh Bazaar( Saturday Market)
Gilan rural museum
Marlik Ancient hill
Miniature horse of Caspian sea
Natural pool of Lahijan
Feuman Qale Roudkhan historical castle
Astara Still lake
The jungle
5) Investment Attraction and Opportunities
A) Infrastructures
* Construction of small and private warehouses
* Setting up of jetties for loading and unloading of cargo goods in line with the development of harbor installations
* Construction of electricity power station
* Urban public services: hospitals, pharmacies, educational centers ranging from nurseries to universities, vocational schools
B) Industry
Easy access to raw materials in Anzali Free Zone and neighboring states make Anzali Free Zone best place for industrial plans.
* Steel conversion industries
* Sea food industries by taking advantage of the huge resources of the Caspian sea
* Mineral processing industries
* Agricultural equipments manufacturing industries
* Oil , chemical and petrochemical industries
* Food , pharmaceutical and hygienic processing industries
* Cellulose and wood industries
* Extraction of eatable oil seeds from seeds
* Electric and electronic products
* Textile and garment industries
* Leather and shoes manufacturing industries
* Floaters and ship manufacturing industries
* Car manufacturing
C) Trade and commerce
* Importation and distribution of commercial goods, raw materials, finished and semi-finished goods, machinery and holding regular exhibitions
* Export of goods manufactured in the free zone
* Sorting, packing and re-packing, packaging and re-packaging
* Transit and re-export of goods
D) Services
* Establishment of international land, sea and air transportation agancies
* Construction of health care centers
* Establishment of international universities and educational centers
* Establishment of local coach services
* Setting up banks ,insurance companies and credits institutions
* Establishment of public service departments
* Construction of international conference halls
* Setting up shopping centers, hotels, residential blocks, office complexes.
E) Cultural and touristic activities
* Creation of resorts, hotels, guesthouses, inns, villas, restaurants, shops, cinemas, theatres, parks, aquatic sports , tourist information centers and recreational complexes
6) Training and Educational Centers
University of Gilan Anzali free zone Int. Campus
Guilan University campus started its scientific activities since 1387 and is accepting students in fields such as Architectural Engineering, Civil Engineering , Soil Mechanics and foundation, private law, international law, political science, international relations, information technology (IT) Management & MBA
7) Advantages of Free Zone
* Existence of port installation, facilities and maritime transportation
* On the direction of north-south international corridor of Nostrac which is the 21th century transit corridor of Asia-Europe
* Connects Helsinki port (North Europe) via Russia to the north & south ports of the Caspian Sea, then trough Persian Gulf to the south-eastern countries of Asia
* Easy access to north & south ports of Europe through Volga River & Volga-Den (bay)
* Adjacent to ports of Astrakhan & Lagan in Russia, Kerasnodesk in Turkmenistan, Aktau in Kazakhstan and Baku in Azerbaijan
* Existence of access roads to the consumption markets of C.I.S countries
* Adjacency to the Rasht international airport
* International highway of Anzali – Rasht – Ghazvin
* Existence of specialist work force
* Adjacency to the vast gas & crude oil of the Caspian Sea
* Ghazin – Anzali – Astara railroad
* Closeness to Capital of Iran (Tehran about 360 km)
* Proximity to 5 power station
* Possession of main infrastructures
Among the most important incentives are:
* 15 years tax exemption from income and assets
* Possibility of %100 foreign ownership
* The possibility of unlimited investment for both Iranian and Foreign nationals
* Full protection and guarantee of foreign investment .
* Free transfer and repatriation of capital and profits
* Flexible banking and monetary system and foreign exchange laws
* Liberal import and export regulation possibility of expatriating up to %10 of the zone's total workforce
* Flexible and Simplified labor employment regulations, terms and conditions
* No tax and duties for raw materials and machinery imported for productions manufacturing in the zone
* Very law charge and easy procedures for re- exported goods
* No time limitation for release of cargo in Anzali free zone
* Full protection for labor forces, capital investment, company registration and ingoing and outgoing capital .
* More charge discount(off) for ships entrance into the Free Zone(even less than %10)
* Easy registration of company ,industrial firm, institute and intellectual ownership in the zone
* Possibility of establishing Iranian and foreign branches of banks and credit institutions as well as insurance institutes
* Cargo transit and re-export without any limitations
* Cargo retailing for foreign or Iranian nationals
* Providing land for investors in industrial, trade, tourism and service sections
* Proximity to industrial, petrochemical and manufacturing centers
* Bank & credit, insurance, customs and other related services agencies network
* Modern equipment for loading, unloading and handling of cargo
* Active management support
Anzali free zone link between national economy and global economy
History
Anzali Port special geographic position caused this port to became the best harbor for trade and non-trade ships. Silk Road destruction was concurrent with sovereignty of Ottoman Turkish government, because ottoman kings had made unsafe and blocked both marine and land paths of Silk Road, so that the trader and merchants had to use other roads to enjoy west and east markets. Iran traders chose two other land roads were lead to Ghfghaz and Russia, and anzali marine path to Baku and Russia markets.
During safavid tenure, Bandar anzali was the connection gate to Europe and during the tenure of Ghajar kings it become the most important path to Europe, and registered its name as the input gate of civilization. Modern technology was introduced to Iran via this port such as telephone, electricity, fishery, port and ships organization and customhouse.
Ghajar kings, traders and students to learn the new science of Europe used this port for travel to Europe, the same thing happened in Phahlavi tenure but differently, while regarding to regional revolutions and appearance of communist government in north borderlines, Pahlavi king decided to support south ports, that resulted in fall and isolation of this port during Cold War.
During Cold war, relationship of this port with the south ports of soviets was limited and Caspian Sea which was considered as the connecting bridge between Iran and Europe changed to a restricted lack between Iran and soviets.
According to much of reformations after soviets union downfall, and due to essential changes in the structural of international relationship, Ghafghaz region and Caspian Sea borderlines countries bulked large and it was concurrent with end of imposed Iraq war and the start of construction age in Iran. At that time Iran attempted to enter world economy and try to absorb investment and subsequently was trying to earn modern technology. It was the main goals of then government which resulted in establishing Free zones to achieve these goals.
History of Anzali free zone organization
After Soviet Unions downfall and increasing role of anzal port on the economy of region, up approval of state boards anzal special economic zone was established in 1996 by two distinct sections. it was registered as free trade –industrial zone organization in 2003.its statute was ratified by board of ministers in 2004 .according to this ratification, Anzali Free Trade-Industrial Zone is a wide area of Bandar Anazli about 3200 hectares and about 8 kilometers of sea border and up to 2 kilometers into the sea, in three distinct sections including ports and harbor section, Anzali industrial city and especial economic zone.
The advantages of Anzali free zone
The most active port in the north of iran with 10 specialized jetties which are able to load and unload up to 6 million tons goods in a year
Presence of anzali customhouse as the most modern customhouse in Iran
Proximity to the Rasht International Airport with modern navigation system
Easy access to north& south ports of Europe through Volga River& Volga-Den (bay)
Existence of access roads to the consumption markets of C.I.S countries
Adjacency to Capital, industrial, manufacturing and consumption markets.
Presence of anzal international lagoon and beautiful Caspian Sea beaches act as eco-tourism pole of the country with million3 foreign and domestic tourists
On the direction of north-south international corridor of Nostrac which is transit path between India to Helsinki in the north of Europe, this path is three time shorter in comparison to current Asia path to Europe
Posses the richest resources of sturgeon fishes as well as processing plants and producing the best caviar of the world
Gilan province as the agricultural axis and garden products, has many of products such ;such as Rice, Citrus fruits, Tea, Olive and Slk
Future scenery
Anzali free zone organization has drastically increased its cooperation with different government and non-government organizations and entities so that at the moment it play significant role in administration of province and country . After connection of anzali to country 's railway network and inauguration of QazvinR-Rasht highway, we will be the witness an evolution in passenger and goods transportation that will flourish the economy of the region.
By implementation of law and regulation of free zones inside anzali free zone and expanding of cooperation with different organizations and entities we could be hopeful to comprehensive progress and development of region.
Anzali free zone is passing from first generation of free zone to third generation of free zone, during this process Anzali free zone functions has been changed from transportation and re-export of goods to place for processing of goods and services. As a result, Anzali free zone by taking advantages of adjacency to Anzali harbor and jetty, legal advantages and tax exemptions as well as specialized work forces, could be the best place for production and re-production of add value goods for export and re-export to domestic and global markets. This is most important factors for national and region economy progress and development.
By above mentioned potentials and complementation of infrastructure projects in the area, Anzali free zone could see golden era in industry, trade and tourism and …since anzali free zone is connection ring between national economy and global economy and trade.
Maku Free Trade Zone
Geography and History of Maku
Maku is a town in the northwestern Iranian province of West Azerbaijan. The Karasu River in Turkey lies to its north, and Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, an exclave of the Republic of Azerbaijan, is to its east. Turkey and the Iranian town of Khoy are to its west and south respectively.
The Zangmar River cuts through the town nestled in a valley. The southern part of Maku, located in the foothills of Sabad Mountain, is not fully developed, but the northern section is much larger and better developed.
Maku is flanked by mountains in the south and north and plains to the east and west. The area is home to a famous monolith called Jodaghiyeh. The fact that the region has been home to an ancient civilization with a rich history and boasts a variety of cultural and natural attractions means it does have the potential to become a tourism hub. A perfect climate complete with rich fauna, beautiful rivers, caves, falls, ancient forts and castles, and other historical monuments, handicrafts, and colorful plantations, and most importantly the hospitality of local people, can set the stage for the influx of tourists which would call for the development of more recreational facilities in the area.
The oldest historical monuments of the town date back to the Urartu, corresponding to the biblical Kingdom of Ararat or Kingdom of Van. Stone chambers in Sangar, a village situated between Maku and Bazargan, ancient summer resorts which dot the landscape, cuneiform inscriptions dug out in villages in Bastam and near Bazargan, findings of German scientists, the deciphering of cuneiform writings by local and foreign archeologists and statements by historians such as Moses Chorenazi and Piotrowski prove that Urarturs were the first people to take up residence in the region. Their main center of population was built near Bastam.
When Armenians brought the rule of Urarturs to an end, they took control of the land. Armenia annexed Maku. Ancient churches, chief among them the Saint Thaddeus Monastery, and the ruins of the ancient Armenian-inhabited cities in Armavir along the Aras River are proof that Armenians had once been the dominant force in the region.
Almost seven centuries ago, Bishop Zakaria and his brother Botros took power and spent a fortune on fortifying the castle. They set up routes and built bridges and turned the region into a trade hub. The defenses of the castle were so strong that they drew the surprise of every visitor.
For over a century Armenian princes used the fortifications of the castle to fend off all attempts at invasion of the region. Even Tamerlane was unable to occupy the castle. Zakaria renovated the routes that led in and out of Maku and built four arched bridges across the river.
Karayusuf conquered Maku after the downfall of Tamerlane. There was always infighting raging among rulers of the dynasty. Ismail took advantage of such feud, defeated them and subsequently set up the powerful Safavid Dynasty. It was during the reign of this young Safavid king that an Ottoman sultan massacred the Shiites in Asia Minor and took his troops east to invade Azerbaijan. Despite enormous bravery by the young Safavid king and the commanders of his army, the Iranian army was defeated and the castle was destroyed.
Maku was a stronghold of the Bayat Clan when the Qajar kings were in power. There are many speculations about the origin of the word Maku. Armenians believe it is a variation of an ancient word that meant pastureland. Some claim it is a combination of Mah (moon) and Kuh (mountain) and some others suggest that the name is a variation of an ancient word that meant the residence of the Zoroastrian clergy.
Here is a list of some historical monuments in the region with the potential to draw tourists:
Baghcheh Juk Palace, located 2 km outside the town, was built by European and Russian architects during the reign of the Qajar Dynasty.
Kolah Farangi Building is well within town limits and dates back to the Qajar era too.
Shirin va Farhad Stone House, located 7 km away from Maku, features two rooms carved into the rocks. It is believed that this monument dates back to the Sassanid Era.
Saint Mary Church is seven centuries old and located in the village of Baroon, 20 km from the town.
Kara Church is an Armenian church located 20 km to the south of Maku. Kara means black in Turkish. The reason why this house of worship is called Kara Church is that it is faced with black stones. Of course some of the original black stones on the façade of the building have been replaced with white stones during renovation. The church was damaged in an attack on Iran by Genghis Khan in 1230 and later by an earthquake in 1319. Each year the internationally-famous church draws a large number of Christians both from across Iran and abroad to the region.
Two kilometers to the northwest of the church there is a small chapel which is said to have been the site where the first Christian has fallen.
The remains of forts which bear inscriptions dating back to the Safavid era still stand in the old town. The Aras River which marks the Iran-Azerbaijan border is also nearby. A namesake dam has been built across the river which is an ideal place for fishing and eco-tourists.
Arvand Trade-Industrial Free Zone
1) Arvand Free Zone
a) Headquarters
Beryam-Abadan
Phone:00986313338080
Fax:0098313331120
b) Tehran Office
No. 143-next to 29th St.-Khaled Eslambooli St.-Tehran
Phone:00982188889505 00982188883040
Fax:00982188880900
2) Geographical Location
The region, suggested to be considered as the Arvand free zone, consists of 3 zones in an area of 170 square kilometers, is located on the southwestern part of Khuzistan province along the border river, the Arvand River. Iranian & Iraqi border –line where the border customs is located and Abadan refinery constitute the borders on the western – eastern ends of the region. The Arvand River runs from the North West to the southeast, pours into the Persian Gulf after twists and turns on the way and surrounding the Minoo Island. The Arvand River constitutes most of the southern and eastern parts of the Arvand free zone.
Geographical position of Abadan: Abadan has an area of 2652 Square kilometers and lies between 29' 58 min to 30' 20 min on the northern latitude from the equator and 48' 10 min to 48' 56min on the eastern longitude from the Greenwich meridian .this city is located on the southwestern part of khuzistan province and borders the cities of Shadegan and the khorramshahr on the north , the Persian gulf on the east and south and the arvand river on the west.
Geographical position of Khorram shahr: This port city with an area of 1902 square kilometers lies on the southwestern – end of khuzistan plain between 30' 26min 15 sec on the northern latitude and 48' 11min on the eastern longitude from the Greenwich meridian .this city is 6/6 meters above sea level. The distance between the khorramshahr and the other cities including Abadan , Ahwaz and Basra is measured to be 15 , 120 and 54 Kms respectively. It borders Ahwaz on the north, Shadegan on the west and Abadan on the south. The Arvand River, running from west t o the southwest, constitutes the border-line by the city.
Geographical positioin of Minoo Island: Minoo shahr is a district of the port city of Khorramshahr and lies on the southern – end of this city . the arvand river separates the town from the khorramshahr. Minoo Island is located at 48' 12min to 48' 15min on the eastern longitude and 30' 19min to 30' 22min on the northern latitude. Minoo shahr consists of two parts : the western part is regarded as the urban area and the rural part constitutes the southern part of the Island.
3) Historic Background
History of Abadan: The historians and the geographers indicated in the past that once Abadan was famous for tourism and navigability. Ibn Battutah described Abadan a small city in a flat salty plain, adding that it never rained and there was no land being cultivated .so, the agriculture never flourished in Abadan.. there are indications that Abadan was a big city in the past and was not similar to big cities of its times .the author of HODOD- AL ALAM described abadan a small city lying on the shore of the sea where the abadani and samani's woven mats come from and salt of Basra and Waset come through this city. By the way, Shams-Al Dien Mohammad Ansari and Ibn Battutah described Abadan as the last village by the sea and a small citadel by the sea respectively. Geographers in the past located this city on the north –western end of the Persian Gulf and at the confluence of the Tigris and the Euphrates.
The ancients attributed the construction of Abadan to the Ardashir , the successor of Esfandiyar son of Geshtasb who built it by the Tigris or Koureh Bahman shir . Abadan was famous mainly for its Inns (Caravanserai), Monastery and numerous mosques as well as Al-khazr' s mausoleum ( who set foot on this island many centuries ago)on the shore of the Bahmanshir in the early hijrat centuries . Ibn Battutah quotes a story about meeting a pious man who retired to one of these monasteries. The mausoleum of khazr, the messenger, is still in place. That's why Abadan was being called the island of Khazr among Arabs not long ago. YAGHOUT named some of the well-known pious men as the Abbaddan (worshippers). Abadan reduced to a state of ruin gradually from centuries 13th and 14th onward. because , most of the Abadan' surface was covered by sea , at the same time , the development of Basra and Khorramshahr caused this town to lose its commercial reputation at that time and turned into a village .
History of Khorramshahr: Khorramshahr was a small town early 14th century. Thanks to the security provided by the Bani kaab tribe's venerable old men, this town started to flourish and became a very important port.
In 1856, a wall constructed around the town .by 1833, more people immigrated to this town and was considered a free port, before the ottomans attacked the town. Khorramshahr was occupied militarily four times during the past hundred years. Since the port of Khorramshahr lies in the neighborhood of Basra, this town was a great loss for the Basra where was at the mercy of the ottomans. for this reason , when Mohammad shah Ghajar conquered the city of Herat in 1814 .Ali Reza Pasha , the governor of Baghdad , attacked Khorramshahr with a big army and plundered the town and destructed it .in the same year , the Ottomans again attacked the town and, khorramshahr leveled by this invasion .
AMIR KABIR recruited some of the tribal youths as a strong border guard in Khorramshahr whom were commanded by Mohmmad khan son of Jabir khan. After, the ottomans trespassed on Iranian lands.
JABIR KHAN hoisted the Iranian flag over the town and he was dubbed KHANI as a reward by AMIR KABIR for this reason.
4) History of AFZ
AFZ located at the northwestern tip of the Persian Gulf and south western of Khuzestan province at the confluence of the Arvand and the Karun rivers. The area of AFZ is more than 173 sq. km. . AFZ is bordered on the west by Iraq and on the south by Kuwait. This zone consists largely of 3 main parts: Industrial townships in Abadan & Khorramshahr , Shalamcheh border-line and Minoo island . roughly 8600 hectare out of all lands specialized for this zone are dedicated for industrial activities and 4800 hectares for administrative , tourism and commercial purposes and the remaining 3800 hectares for warehousing , ports and transit . The unique merits of AFZ are:
Fresh waters of the Bahmanshir , the Karun and the Arvand rivers , good infrastructures e.g. Roads , Railways , Marine and Air transports in or out of the country , Abadan international airport and short distance from neighboring countries .
AFZ began operation on 2004 upon the approval of members of parliament in Iran (Islamic consultative Majlis ) and members of Cabinet consequently marked its boundary on 2005 . This zone contains parts of Abadan & Khorramshahr where are of industrial, commercial and tourism infrastructures and are superior to other parts of the country. It should be noted that this strategic position is nationally oriented .so; we hope that Arvand Industrial – Trade free zone becomes one of the largest industrial, commercial and tourism zones in Middle – east.
5) Training and Educational Centers
Mehre Arvand international group: Mehre Arvand is group of Iranian engineers and experts who rely on their financial, specialty, experimental and scientific capabilities. This group managed to attract the attention of the world's largest scientific and technical institution, TAFE, where is located in Australia to hold common courses in Iran, Arvand free zone (Abadan & Khorramshahr).
Mehre Arvand is an international group that is able to admit students nationally or internationally. These students will study directly according to the educational system of Australian TAFE and can carry on their education in more than 20 universities across the world, when they completed their courses. The Mehre Arvand' s students can be sent to Australia and other international universities ,if they would like to study at the Doctorate .
6) Infrastructures
Road transport: In 2004, the roads in the cities of Abadan and Khorramshahr constituted 20% of roads in Khuzistan province according to the statistics given by the provincial highway department.
The most impotent highways within AFZ:
The Abadan - Khorramshahr highway, 15 km, which ends in Shalmcheh border-line, is one of the most important highways within AFZ
Abadan is an hour drive from Ahwaz through a highway. This highway connects Ahwaz to the port cities of Abadan and Khorramshahr . There is an overhead - high pressure power- line along the highway. It should be noted that the highway is of heavy traffic since this region was regarded as AFZ. khorramshahr is an hour drive from Ahwaz by a main road . Meanwhile, just parts of these roads are bounded by AFZ. Abadan - Khorramshahr main road through which the imported Goods are transferred from port of Imam Khomeiny to the Shalamcheh border-line.
Khorramshahr - Shalamcheh road, 16km, plays an important role in commercial transition of Goods from Shalamcheh border-line to Iraq. By the way, the customs office is also stationed in the area.
Marine transport: At present , there are about 95% of Imports and 85% of Exports in the country are carried out through the ports .considering the spread of Goods Imports & Exports , it is necessary to develop the ports of the country . Having a look at Asian shipping transition as a corridor between East and West, we can find out that Iranian ports are well-positioned for global commerce. In addition, Passing through Iranian territory is by 5000 km shorter than the Suez Canal where is a leading international shipping course between Asia and Europe.
AFZ is one of the most impotent places in the field of marine transport. Because, the important ports, Abadan and Khorramshahr , are located within AFZ. Their distance from some important ports in the country and, at the same time, their strategic positions by the Persian Gulf have attached great importance to this region.
Air transport: Abadan international airport is just minutes from Abadan city (western part) and located by the Arvand River. This airport is one the country's oldest airports which dates back to the years when the Abadan refinery was first built. This airport enjoys state-of -the -art- facilities including air terminal , a 3400 feet long runway ( primary one ) and 2400 feet long runway ( secondary one ) which equipped with the latest aero-navigation systems namely ILS and DVOR .It should be noted that the primary runway used to be 13000 feet long that accommodates gigantic jet aircrafts. This runway has been covered with concrete about 7 meters in thickness. Therefore, cargo planes carrying Goods more than 100 tones can land and take off freely on this runway. During the war, the airport was badly damaged. But, it was rebuilt after the end of war.
In Abadan airport, airlines with regularly- scheduled flights include:
Domestic flights: Asseman, Iran air and Iran air tours
International flights: Phoenix and Kish air
7) Investment Attraction and Opportunities
Aims & purposes
1- Regional development
2- Economic growth and development
3- Investments
4- National income growth
5- Job creation
6- Planning out markets, labors and capitals
7- An active presence in national & international markets
8- Production and export of industrial goods
8) Industrial Advantages of Free Zone
AFZ enjoys the following geographical advantages for industrial development:
• Bordering the most important sources of Oil and Gas in the country and, at the same time, in the world.
• An abundance of oil & water-power based energies in the region as a prerequisite for industrial development.
• An abundance of Energy sources and surface waters in the region , make it possible to build water & energy- consuming installations as well as the sugar industry
• The industry in the region dates back to the construction of the Abadan refinery.
• Situated in the heart of natural sources, oil industry, railways and fertile soils.
• The region surrounding AFZ enjoys the sources e.g., water, soil, oil and mines that can be extracted for industrial purposes and create industrial groups.
• Industrial merits for building oil & petrochemical- based by-products industry. Because, the main oil & petrochemical industries are situated in the region.
• AFZ takes advantage of infrastructures e.g. commerce, transportation and port facilities in Bandar Imam Khomeini.
• Basra – Khorramshahr railway is under construction and the plans drawn up for Khorramshahr – Bandar Imam Khomeini – Mahshahr rail way . Thus, the international and national railways are connected for industrial development of AFZ.
• AFZ enjoys a unique geographical position to access the international waters by way of the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea.
• Air, Railway and Road transports for promoting commerce and industry.
• The strategic position of AFZ to promote commerce and industry with East – Asian countries and the Persian gulf‘s littoral states as well as European – Caucasian continent.
• AFZ is bordered by Iraq and this country is importing different types of industrial products during the re-construction period.
• AFZ is just 30 and 15 minutes drive from the strategic port of Basra and Shalamcheh border-line as a point for industrial exports to Iraq respectively.
• AFZ benefits the special laws appropriate for zones, land handover and related investment and infrastructures.
• The site enjoys an underlying base or foundation special for all types of activities.
• The lands are suitable for building industrial units.
• An area sloping gently toward the Persian Gulf.
• This region is not subject to earthquakes.
• An area with certain weather conditions.